The aftermath of the impact on Scheila was first spotted by the University of Arrizona's Catalina Sky Survey on December 11 last year.
It revealed Scheila to be twice as bright as expected and immersed in a faint comet-like glow.
Looking through the survey's archived images, astronomers inferred the outburst began between November 11 and December 3.
Data from Nasa's Swift satellite and Hubble Space Telescope then showed these changes likely occurred after Scheila was struck by a much smaller asteroid.
'Collisions between asteroids create rock fragments, from fine dust to huge boulders, that impact planets and their moons,' said lead Swift researcher Dennis Bodewits, from the University of Maryland.
'Yet this is the first time we've been able to catch one just weeks after the smash-up, long before the evidence fades away.'
Asteroids are rocky fragments thought to be debris from the formation and evolution of the solar system approximately 4.6billion years ago. Read More
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